Lub yaj ntawm siab tawg muaj peev xwm fuses feem ntau yog ua los ntawm tooj liab, tab sis kuj nyiaj. Thaum cov ntsuas tam sim no me me, cov yaj yog feem ntau ua rau hauv filament; thaum qhov ntsuas tam sim no loj, nws tau ua rau hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv. Txij li thaum ob qho tib si tooj liab thiab nyiaj yog cov khoom siv high-melting-point hlau, txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov tam sim no nyob rau hauv overload tam sim no, qis-melting-point hlau, xws li tin los yog cadmium alloys, feem ntau welded ntawm ib lub sij hawm ntawm cov yaj mus. txo qhov kub ntawm melting. Cov nyhuv no tseem hu ua metallurgical effect (M effect). Lub fuse ceev hauv cov cuab yeej siv los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv semiconductor yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv raws li qhov dav dav muaj peev xwm tawg, tab sis nws tsis siv cov nyhuv metallurgical, thiab cov yaj yog ua los ntawm cov nyiaj. High tam sim no ceev kom ua tiav cov nyhuv nrawm nrawm.
Cov yaj yog ntim rau hauv ib lub raj porcelain (los yog iav fiber ntau raj) uas muaj quartz xuab zeb, thiab lub fuse siv quartz xuab zeb ua ib qho nruab nrab ntawm kev tua hluav taws. Qhov loj me ntawm quartz xuab zeb muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm arc extinguishing, thiab cov kab uas hla feem ntau yog xaiv nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 0.2-0.3mm. Thaum lub overload tam sim no los yog luv-circuit tam sim no dhau los ntawm lub fuse, lub yaj fuses thiab ib tug arc yog generated nyob rau hauv lub raj. Vim tias cov xuab zeb quartz muaj qhov txias txias thiab cov nyhuv deionization ntawm lub arc, lub arc yog sai sai tua. Thaum tawg qhov luv luv tam sim no, lub arc feem ntau tuaj yeem raug tua ua ntej qhov luv-circuit tam sim no mus txog nws qhov siab tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rhuav tshem tam sim no, tsis muaj lub suab thiab lub teeb tshwm sim, thiab tsis muaj cov roj ionized ejected, thiab lub peev xwm tawg yog siab. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv tsev high-voltage thiab low-voltage fais fab faib khoom, thiab kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov fuses ceev kuj tseem tsim los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv semiconductor.