Quantum dots yog xoom-dimensional nanomaterials. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, quantum dots muaj peb qhov me me tshaj qhov de Broglie wavelength ntawm cov khoom siv ntau excitons. Lub zog ntawm electrons nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov lus qhia yog txwv, uas yog, quantum confinement nyhuv yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom tseeb. Piv nrog rau cov khoom siv ib txwm muaj, qhov zoo ntawm quantum dots yog tias los ntawm cov nyhuv resonant tunneling, nws tuaj yeem ua rau kom cov nqi ntawm cov khoom siv yees duab tsim hauv lub roj teeb, yog li nce qhov tam sim no; los ntawm kev kho qhov loj thiab morphology ntawm quantum dots, lub zog theem ntawm quantum dots yog optimized. Qhov sib txuam degree ntawm lub hnub ci spectrum nce lub teeb haum tus nqi. Qee qhov quantum dots (xws li PbSe) tuaj yeem nqus tau ib lub zog loj photon los tsim ntau lub tshuab hluav taws xob-qhov, uas yog cov nyhuv ntau exciton. Qhov kev kwv yees kwv yees ua tau zoo ntawm ib qho kev sib txuas QDSCs tuaj yeem ncav cuag 44%, deb tshaj Shockley-Queisser txwv ntawm silicon hnub ci hlwb.
Txij li thaum qhov kev taw qhia ntawm quantum dots, nws tau qhia nws qhov tshwj xeeb zoo, xws li ntau yam khoom siv, kho qhov sib txawv band, thiab siab photoelectric conversion efficiency, uas txhua tus qhia txog lub peev xwm loj ntawm QDSCs. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias hom roj teeb no suav nrog thaj chaw micro-scale, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab cov kev xav tau yog qhov siab, thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev xa hluav taws xob sab hauv tseem nyob rau theem kev tshawb fawb, uas ua rau nws cov txiaj ntsig qis dua li lwm hom roj teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, hom roj teeb no muaj peev xwm sib piv tsis tau ntawm lwm cov roj teeb. Rau hom hnub ci hnub ci no, kev tshawb fawb tam sim no tsom mus rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv, kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab hauv, txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab ruaj khov ntawm QDSCs.
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